Hyponatremia is typically caused when the sodium level in your body falls below 135 mEq/L. The normal sodium level in your body is anywhere between 135 to 145 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L.) Sodium is important in your body as it maintains the blood pressure and supports the nerves and muscles in the tasks to be performed by them. It also performs the duty of regulating the body's fluid balance. There are many various causes of Hyponatremia, here are some of the primary ones.

• Medication and drugs

Medication of certain types can be a primary cause of hyponatremia. These medicines include water pills (diuretics), antidepressants and other pain relief medications. These medications can cause you to perspire or urinate a lot more than usual causing your sodium levels to drop and thereby leading to hyponatremia.

• Heart, liver and kidney problems

The sodium level in your body can be reduced when there are excess unrequired fluids that accumulate in your body. These fluids can be accumulated if you suffer from congestive heart failure or any conditions related to the liver and kidney. The fluids essentially dilute the sodium in your body causing the level to go down.

• Syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone (SIADH)

Retention of water in your body is another reason for your sodium levels to go down and become a daunting cause of hyponatremia. This is exactly what happens in this condition, high levels of the anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) are produced and result in fluid accumulating in your body. These fluids should ideally exit your body through your urine.

• Excess water

When you perspire or urinate, you lose sodium from your body. When involved in a tedious activity, you perspire and lose a lot of sodium from your body. If you drink too much water during these activities you are prone to go low on sodium and create a cause of hyponatremia. Apart from that, even if you drink too much water, in general, you might be causing sodium levels in your body to drop.

• Recreational drug Ecstasy

Ecstasy, as a drug, can cause your body to lose fluids at a very high pace and perspire more than usual. This can be a reason for your sodium levels to drop significantly. The amphetamine in the drug shoots your risk of fatal cases of hyponatremia.

• Hormonal changes

Addison's disease (adrenal gland deficiency) affects the ability of your adrenal gland to produce the hormones that help maintain a stable amount of sodium, potassium, and water in your body. Apart from this, low levels of the thyroid hormone can cause low blood-sodium levels as well.

Lexus as a branch carved out a unique niche for itself in the American automotive market. It is hardly surprising that the entire range of luxury SUVs from Lexus also enjoy immense popularity. And for those who cannot afford a brand new Lexus SUV, there always remains the very viable alternative of going for a used Lexus SUV, usually at half the cost of the original or even less. One model that has performed very favorably in reviews from used Lexus SUV dealers and drivers is the Lexus IS. In the used Lexus SUV market, the IS models are currently available at a price range of US $10,200 to us $ 11, 900. There are two engine options available in the IS models, with the IS 350 performing very well on hilly terrain or when passing across compared to the Is 250 which has a weaker engine. The IS 250 is likely to satisfy those who merely seek a comfortable and ordinary driving experience while the IS 350 with a 306 horsepower V6 engine s preferable for those who want more than adequate power. The IS 250 model is available with some used Lexus SUV dealers with an all-wheel drive and manual transmission although its standard specs include an automatic transmission and rear wheel drive. Softly padded cabin interiors done up with stylish leather provide a luxurious cabin experience. In fact, it ranks very highly in its upscale interiors for the price one pays for it. However, owing to its smaller size, it may not be the vehicle of choice for larger families. When compared to other SUVs from Lexus, however, the IS does not receive as high scorings for the length of its rear seat and front seat head room. Again, cargo space in the trunk is limited to about 13 cubic feet, which makes it rather small in this class of SUVs and sedans. It offers a mileage of between 18 and 21 miles per gallon for use with the city and between 25 and 29 miles per gallon when used on highways.

One of the largest and complex organs in the human body is the brain. This central unit of the nervous system controls activities such as breathing, movement, and all sensory perceptions. And, like it develops in most other organs in the body, abnormal growths or tumors can occur in the brain too. Brain tumors can be benign or malignant and could originate in the brain as a primary tumor or spread to the brain from other parts of the body as a secondary or metastatic tumor. With the presence of a brain tumor, the human body exhibits signs of disturbance with changes in its smooth functioning. However, early symptoms of brain tumor can be easily missed because they are common and may not be prominent enough to seek medical attention. Also, brain tumor early symptoms can be different for every individual, and the symptoms of this illness depend entirely on the tumor's size, its location in the brain and the rate at which it grows. This is because different parts of the brain regulate different functions in the body and depending on which part of the brain is affected, the symptoms of a brain tumor vary. List of commonly noticed early symptoms of brain tumor. A headache: Headaches occur frequently and may be severe. The intensity of a headache could be directly proportional to the amount of exertion happening in the normal course of everyday chores. The pattern of headaches could differ, and might not be mitigated by general headache remedies. Nausea: Nausea or sickness in the stomach, and vomiting that is caused by unknown factors. Changes in sensory faculties: Alterations can be felt in the ability of the senses to see, smell, speak, hear, or swallow. The occurrence of noises in the ear or blurry vision could be one of the early symptoms of brain tumor. Seizures: The brief loss of sensation and control in either the face, limbs or the whole body, or convulsions - a sudden, involuntary jerky movement of the muscles that could be just a single motion or a series of multiple spasms. Loss of awareness, either partially or totally, is also possible. Memory issues: Feeling confused and the inability to remember things are common, as are behavioral changes, and fatigue. It is important to consult your doctor when any of these brain tun symptoms arise and allow them to advise you correctly based on physical exams and diagnostic tests.

If you have just had a gallbladder surgery, or are going to have one, and want to know how the surgery will affect your diet, read on. Gallbladder surgery in medical terms is called Laparoscopic gallbladder surgery and is considered to be the best method for treating gallstones that causes lot of pain. A gallbladder removal surgery is done when the stones in the gallbladder start to cause symptoms. A gallbladder surgery does not create a lot of problems in your daily life as long as you follow a diet that eases your digestion without the gallbladder. You don't need to have a special diet plan; however, you need to be gradual enough with your diet right after your surgery. For example, you have to be extra careful with what you include in your diet after your gallbladder has been removed. For the first few days after the surgery, you will probably be asked to stick to liquid diets, broths, and gelatin. Fried food, high-fat foods, foods with strong odors, and gas-causing foods should be avoided. Do not have heavy meals and limit your diet to small and frequent meals. Low-fat diet is what one can follow after the surgery. If you want to be precise, then the fat calorie shouldn't be more than 30 percent. Pay more attention to the food labels and take what you eat seriously. If you aren't sure about eating certain foods, always consult your nutritionist or doctor first and then go ahead. Foods that are high-fat are French fries and potato chips, bologna, sausage and ground beef, high-fat dairy such as cheese, ice cream and whole milk, pizza, butter, soups(creamy/semi-solid) and sauces, meat gravies, chocolate, coconut and palm oil, chicken or turkey skin, and spicy food. Avoid these foods completely for some time and start only after professional or medical consultation. You may add high-fiber foods back in your diet after some weeks gradually. Foods such as whole-grain bread, nuts, legumes, seeds, brussels sprouts, broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, and cereal are high-fiber foods. Right after your surgery, you will probably be asked to consume applesauce, bananas, broth, crackers, eggs, chicken or fish, rice, and watery soup. You may also have lean protein and healthy fats in your diet. Since everybody is different, there might be some prescribed foods that could give you discomfort. In that case, keep making notes of those mild discomfort and illnesses if any so you can always get back to your doctor with those issues and the doctor can work on your diet.

ADHD, or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, is a neurological disease that affects many people across the globe, children as well as adults. The common symptoms include daydreaming, forgetfulness, talking too much, making careless mistakes, hyperactivity, and trouble concentrating. ADHD is manageable with treatments. But, lifestyle changes can support ongoing treatment and improve the condition further. Doctors have identified some foods to avoid with ADHD that patients should be aware of. Candy When dealing with ADHD, one should avoid candy because it has a very high sugar content and artificial coloring. Both elements can worsen hyperactivity. While avoiding candy will not prevent hyperactivity altogether, it will help reduce the intensity and frequency of episodes. Too much sugar, in general, can also impact energy levels and lead to other health conditions like diabetes, so it is best to limit its quantity in foods. Coffee Coffee is also a no-go for people with ADHD. The caffeine in coffee can improve concentration levels, but it can worsen the symptoms of this health condition. It can also interfere with ongoing treatment. Besides coffee, beverages like tea and even cola are also counted among the foods to avoid with ADHD due to their caffeine content. Frozen fruits and veggies While fresh fruits and veggies are healthy, frozen ones may have artificial additives that worsen ADHD symptoms. Artificial additives, such as food colors, can also interfere with hormones and development. Other foods with artificial additives include breakfast cereals, cookies, soft drinks, and fruit punches. So, it is advisable to read the label before buying foods off the shelf. Avoiding these foods may reduce ADHD symptoms. But, in most cases, individuals also need treatment to manage the condition. The popular options include: CONCERTA® It is a stimulant that works by improving how different parts of the brain communicate with each other. CONCERTA® is an extended-release treatment option. This means it is slowly released into the body throughout the day. As a result, the effect of the treatment lasts longer. DAYTRANA® DAYTRANA® is another treatment option for ADHD that works throughout the day. It comes in the form of a patch to be applied on the skin of the hip. Common side effects include heart problems, seizures, reduced development, and allergies. Adderall® Adderall® helps increase focus and concentration while reducing hyperactivity and impulsive behavior. Its serious side effects include uncontrollable shaking, hallucinations, and increased blood pressure. In more serious cases, doctors also recommend treatments like VIIBRYD® to manage depression, sleeplessness, hyperactivity, impulsivity, anxiety, and other ADHD symptoms and complications.

Proteins are the building blocks of our body and our health. Proteins work hard to repair all our overworked or damaged muscles and tissues. They also help in the production of hormones and enzymes. High protein intake helps in reducing weight as well. Protein keeps you satiated, thereby reducing the craving for snacks and untimely eating. The Required Dietary Allowance for protein is just 0.8 grams per kilo of our weight. To find out how much protein you need for yourself or your family member, you multiply the body weight with 0.36. This helps you to calculate the protein requirement for your family per day and plan your menu accordingly. Protein intake in teens is crucial. It helps teens build immunity and make their muscles stronger and keep their skin and hair healthy. As kids, their menu and feeding are completely taken care of their parents. But as they grow older, diets go haywire and are guided more by peer groups. Junk food becomes more accessible as they begin to hang out with friends. Lack of energy and tiredness are early symptoms of an imbalanced diet in a teen. Teens that pursue active sports would need at least 75% more protein than kids who have a normal schedule. This is possible only if there is protein in every meal. Dieticians recommend that 25%-30% of the calorie requirement of teens should come from protein. Some high protein diet with high calories that should find a place in a teens diet - eggs, fish, shrimp, oats, cottage cheese, Greek yogurt, milk, broccoli, beans, lean beef, quinoa, tuna, lentils, pumpkin seeds, and peanut butter. These list of high protein foods also are a source of essential vitamin and minerals necessary for them. Teenagers who are vegetarians can include Buckwheat, lentils, and beans including chickpeas in their diet. A list of high protein dishes that could both satisfy the taste buds of the teens and at the same time give them the required protein is as follows:

• Egg sandwiches
• Oatmeal with fruits and milk
• Salads with Quinoa, fruit, and vegetables
• Smoothie with Tofu, almonds, and fruits
• Baked salmon
• Brown rice with stir-fried vegetables
• Turkey burgers with multi-grain buns
• Peanut butter sandwiches

Creative recipes can be created with one or many of the high protein food items. Burgers, sandwiches, casseroles keep teens interested in eating them. Teachers and parents should constantly engage with them at school and at home to create awareness about eating healthy.