Types of Thrombosis

The formation of blood clot inside a blood vessel which obstructs the blood flow through the circulatory system is termed as thrombosis. Due to the injured blood vessel, the body uses platelets and fibrin to form a blood clot to prevent further blood loss. Thrombosis occurs when clots occur even when there is no injury to the blood vessel. This clot then breaks free and travels to various parts of the body creating serious health issues. The type of Thrombosis is generally defined by the part or the blood vessel of the body it has affected. Listed below are some of the common types of Thrombosis.

Deep Vein Thrombosis
DVT is the formation of blood clot which forms blood clot within a deep vein. It most commonly affects legs and veins such as femoral veins. The factors contributing DVT are rate of the blood flow, thickness of the blood and quantity of the vessel wall.

Budd-Chiari syndrome
This syndrome affects the hepatic vein or the hepatic part of the inferior vena cava which is the large vein that carries deoxygenated blood to the heart. This type of thrombosis results in abdominal pain and enlarged liver in some cases. It is treated either by therapy, surgical procedures or using shunts.

Renal vein thrombosis
This type of thrombosis occurs when a clot obstructs renal vein. It results in reduced drainage from the kidney.

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
CVST or Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis is a rare form of stroke which results due to the blockage of dural venous sinuses by a thrombus. Minor symptoms include headache, abnormal vision and other symptoms that are generally related to stroke such as weakness of the face and limbs of one side of the body and seizures. It can be diagnosed using a MRI or CT scan.

Portal vein thrombosis
This type of thrombosis affects the hepatic portal vein. Hepatic portal vein carries blood from the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, gallbladder and spleen to the liver. Clot in this vein results in portal hypertension and reduction of blood supply to the liver. It often leads to other diseases like pancreatitis, cirrhosis, and diverticulitis.

Jugular vein thrombosis
Jugular vein thrombosis occurs due to infection, intravenous drug use or even malignancy in some cases. It is characterized by immense pain in the site of the vein. It is difficult to diagnose as it can occur at any random location.

Paget-Schroetter disease
This condition occurs mainly due to obstruction of an upper extremity vein such as the axillary vein which carries blood from armpits and nearby areas to the heart. It mainly occurs due to vigorous exercise and is usually present in younger and healthy people.

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